Case 2

	SIGNALMENT: Dachshund, f/s, 4 years old
	HISTORY: 5 months ago, dog had episode of back pain that resolved with aspirin. 2 days ago, dog became wobbly on rear legs. 6 hours ago, dog went down and now can not use pelvic limbs. Owner thinks dog is in pain.
	PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: T 100.5 HR 80 RR panting CRT < 3 secs. MM pink WT 27 lbs. Dog is apprehensive. See neurological examination
	NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION:

E. POSTURAL REACTIONS:
          (0=absent, +1=decreased, +2=normal, +3=increased/exaggerated, NE=not examined)

LEFT	REACTIONS	RIGHT
	Proprioceptive Positioning PL TL
0		0
2		2
2	Wheelbarrowing	2
	Hopping PL TL
0		0
2		2
0	Extensor Postural Thrust	0
NE	Hemistand-Hemiwalk	NE
NE	Tonic Neck	NE
	Placing, tactile PL TL
NE		NE
NE		NE
	Placing, visual PL TL
NE		NE
NE		NE

F. SPINAL REFLEXES:
          (0=absent, +1=decreased, +2=normal, +3=increased/exaggerated, +4=clonic, NE=not examined)

LEFT	REFLEX, SPINAL SEGMENT	RIGHT
3	Quadriceps (L4-L6)	3
2	Flexion, PL (L5-S1)	2
2	Flexion, TL (C6-T1)	2
NE	Triceps (C7-T1)	2
present in PL	Crossed Extensor	present in PL
2	Perineal (S1-S2)	2

G. CRANIAL NERVES:
          (0=absent, +1=decreased, +2=normal, +3=increased/exaggerated, NE=not examined)

LEFT	(Response/Test)	RIGHT
2	Menace (CN II & VII)	2
2	Palpebral (CN V & VII)	2
2	Pupil Size	2
	PLR’S Stimulate left eye Stimulate right eye (CN II & III)
2		2
2		2
0	Strabismus	0
0	Nystagmus	0
2	Facial Sensation (CN V)	2
2	Mastication (CN V)	2
2	Swallowing/Gag (CN IX & X)	2
2	Tongue (CN XII)	2

H. SENSATION:
          (0=absent, +1=decreased, +2=normal, +3=increased/exaggerated, NE=not examined)

Location	TL region
Hyperesthesia	present
Superficial pain	+1
Deep pain	+2

	Generalized LMN		Peripheral nerve
	Spinal Cord C1-C5		Spinal Cord C6-T2
	Spinal Cord T3-L3		Spinal Cord L4-S3
	Cauda equina		Peripheral vestibular
	Central vestibular		Brainstem
	Cerebral cortex		Cerebellum
	Cranial neuropathy		Myopathy
	Musculoskeletal	Expert's Anatomic Diagnosis

LESION LOCATION:            Where is the lesion located? Right Left Bilateral Expert's Lesion Location REVIEW RADIOGRAPHS: Lumbosacral:     Thoracolumbar:     Cervical:     Skull:     Appendicular          WHICH SET ILLUSTRATES THIS CASE?