Trypanosoma bruci gambiensie- Agent of human African sleeping sickness in west and central Africa.
Like all human trypanosomes, this organism is transmitted by one or more species of tsetse fly.
After infection, paravasuclar inflammation of mononuclear cells occurs with vessel acclusion, oxygen starvation, anoxia and eventually death. Locations for which trypomastigotes (form found in blood) can be recovered varies over the course of infection progressing from the blood to lymphatics and finally CNS.
Trypanosoma bruci rhodensie- Agent of African sleeping sickness in East Africa. Tsetse fly transmitted.
Trypanosoma bruci bruci- causative agent of "nagana" in Africa. Found in different animals with different clinical signs. A severe acute disease in horses donkeys, dogs, goats and camels but producing only a chronic disease in cattle. Many wild ruminants serve as non-clinical reservoirs.
Trypanosoma congolense - A severe disease of cattle in Africa. Many other animals are also susceptible to infection.
Trypanosoma vivax - Similar to T. congolense.
Trypanosoma equiperdum - Causative agent of "dourine" in Africa. This is a sexually transmitted disease of horses. Acute signs are characterized by swelling of the genitalia. "Silver dollar" plaques appear intermittently on the skin. Chronic cases are characterized by emaciation, paresis, fever (intermittent) and death. This organism has been eradicated from U.S. but occasionally reappears. CF serology is used along with parasite identification with infected horses being destroyed.