1 . Which one of the following is true regarding primary hypoparathyroidism?
Calcium levels are usually below 6.5 mg/dl
Phosphorus levels are usually normal
The condition is common in dogs and cats
The etiology is vitamin D deficiency
Thyroidectomy is the etiology in cats.

2.All of the following are effects of PTH except?
Stimulates formation of new osteoclasts
Catalyzes formation of 1-25 Vit. D3
Enhances GI calcium absorption
Promotes renal excretion of phosphorus
Augments action of aldosteron

3.The primary control of PTH release is?
Serum calcium level
Serum phosphorus level
PTH releasing hormone
Calcitonin
1-25 Vit. D3

4.A dog has a total calcium 8.0. You wish to calculate the ionized calcium level to assess the importance of this finding. Which one of the following is correct?
Total calcium minus phosphorus X 3.5 = ionized Ca
Total calcium minus albumin plus 3.5 = ionized Ca
2X total Ca + 2X Na + 2X Cl minus total protein = ionized calcium
Total Ca divided by 2.2 = ionized Ca
Total Ca minus total protein = ionized Ca

5.All of the following are causes of hypocalcemia except?
Renal failure
Hypoalbuminemia
Acute pancreatitis
Ethylene glycol intoxication
Hypoadrenocorticism